Ese koko imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ntizingiza ibidukikije? Ni uruhe ruhare iterambere ry’inganda nshya zikoresha ingufu rishobora gutanga mu kugera ku ntego zo kutagira karuboni? Ibi byabaye ibibazo bikomeye biherekeza iterambere ry’inganda nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Ubwa mbere, tugomba gusobanukirwa ibitekerezo bibiri. Ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu bivuga ibinyabiziga byose bikoresha amasoko y'ingufu atari moteri za lisansi na mazutu. Kutagira karuboni bitanga karuboni bivuga kugera ku buringanire hagati y'ingano yose ya dioxyde de carbone cyangwa imyuka ihumanya ikirere ikorwa mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye mu gihe runaka, binyuze mu kubungabunga ingufu, kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, n'ibindi bipimo, bigatuma habaho "imyuka ihumanya ikirere".
Isuzuma ry’uko imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikora karuboni rishobora kugabanuka ku bintu nk’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n’urusaku; rigomba gukurikiranwa mu byiciro bitandukanye nko gukusanya no gukora ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanye, harimo no gukora, gukuraho no kongera gukoresha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Sisitemu yo kongera gukoresha batiri:
Dukurikije ibipimo bya tekiniki biriho ubu, nyuma yo guhagarika bateri z'amashanyarazi mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, muri rusange haracyari ubushobozi busigaye hagati ya 70-80%, bushobora kugabanywa kugira ngo habeho ububiko bw'ingufu, ingufu zo gusimbuza, n'izindi porogaramu, bigatuma ingufu zisigaye zikoreshwa neza.
Byongeye kandi, bateri z'imyanda zavuye mu kazi ni isoko y'ingenzi y'ibikoresho byo mu nganda nka lithiyumu, kobalti, na nikeli byo gukoresha bateri, cyane cyane mu rwego rwo kwihutisha iterambere ry'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu aho hari umubare munini w'ibikoresho fatizo bya bateri. Muri iki gihe, igihugu kirimo guteza imbere cyane iyubakwa ry'uburyo bwiza bwo kongera gukoresha bateri.
Gukoresha no kongera gukoresha ibice byabyo:
Amakuru afatika agaragaza ko nibura 80% by'ibikoresho biva mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi byashaje bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, kandi kongera gukora ibice bishobora kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku kigero kirenga 70%. Ugereranyije n'imodoka zisanzwe, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya "carbon emissions".
Ibikoresho by'umuringa bikoreshwa cyane muri moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi, bateri za lithiamu-iyoni, ibikoresho byo kohereza amashanyarazi, na sisitemu zo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'imikorere y'ubushyuhe. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho by'umuringa bishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100%, bitanga inyungu zikomeye mu kongera gukoresha ibikoresho no kongera gukora ibice nyuma yo gukora ibice no gusiba imodoka, bikagabanya neza imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima.
Guteza imbere impinduka mu nganda z'ingufu:
Gukoresha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu bizanateza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zitangiza ibidukikije, bigatera "kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere" na "kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere" mu rwego rw'ingufu. Birazwi ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli bikoreshwa mu modoka zisanzwe bidashobora kugera kuri zeru ku ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko imodoka zikoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi zishobora kugera kuri "kutagira karuboni" nyayo hakoreshejwe "amashanyarazi akoresha ikirere" aturuka ku ngufu z'umuyaga, ingufu z'izuba, n'andi masoko. Kwamamaza ku buryo bunini imodoka zikoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi, gushyira mu bikorwa "kudahindura imiterere y'ingufu" mu nganda z'ingufu, no guteza imbere ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa nk'ingufu z'umuyaga n'izuba bizatera "kutagira karuboni" na "kutagira karuboni" mu rwego rw'ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda.
Mu gusoza, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, zigaragazwa n'imodoka zikoresha ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi, zishobora kugabanya cyane imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu nganda, mu mikoreshereze, mu kongera gukoresha no kongera kuyitunganya. Nk'ikigo cy'imodoka mu nganda zikoresha ingufu, YIWEI ishishikariza cyane kugera ku ntego zo kudakoresha karuboni mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa, no mu nganda. Mu bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho, hashyizweho ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo karuboni nke no mu kubungabunga ibidukikije kugira ngo hatezwe imbere ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bifite karuboni nke. Hashyizweho imbaraga mu kunoza inzira no kongera ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu neza no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Imiterere y'ibicuruzwa kandi ireba imikorere y'ingufu, kandi Ibigo bigenzura ibinyabiziga (VCU) bifite imikorere itandukanye bihindurwa kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, bigatuma habaho ingaruka zo kuzigama ingufu.
Mu gihe kizaza, YIWEI izakurikirana inzira y’iterambere ritangiza ibidukikije binyuze mu gushushanya ibidukikije, inganda zikora ibikomoka ku bidukikije, no gukora ibikorwa bigamije ibidukikije, bigamije guteza imbere ejo hazaza heza h’iterambere ry’umuryango.
Amareferensi:
1. “Uruhare rw’Imodoka Nshya Zikoresha Ingufu mu Kugera ku ‘Peak Carbon’ na ‘Karuboni Idafite Ingufu’ mu Bushinwa—Isesengura ry’Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry’Imodoka Nshya Zikoresha Ingufu mu Kugera ku ‘Peak Carbon’ na ‘Peak Carbon’.”
2. “Kutagira karuboni mu binyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu.”
Chengdu Yiwei New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd ni ikigo gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse cyibanda kuiterambere rya chassis y'amashanyarazi, ishami rigenzura imodoka, moteri y'amashanyarazi, umugenzuzi wa moteri, paki ya bateri, n'ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru ry'ikoranabuhanga rya EV.
Twandikire:
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 14-2023
