Nigute washushanya Imiterere y'Insinga z'Umuvuduko Ukomeye ku Binyabiziga Bishya Bikoresha Ingufu?-1

Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu, abakora imodoka zitandukanye bashyizeho urukurikirane rw’ibicuruzwa bishya by’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu, birimo ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi, ibinyabiziga bivanze, n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu za hydrogen, mu rwego rwo gusubiza politiki ya leta yo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe. Ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu rigenda ritera imbere buhoro buhoro, kandi gusimbuza ingufu z’amashanyarazi ibinyabiziga bisanzwe nk’isoko y’amashanyarazi y’ibinyabiziga ni byo bigezweho. Insinga z’amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi ni yo nzira nyamukuru yo guhuza no kohereza ingufu z’ibinyabiziga. Bitewe n’amashanyarazi menshi mu binyabiziga bikoresha ingufu, imiterere y’insinga z’amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi ihura n’imbogamizi mu bijyanye n’ibisubizo by’imiterere n’imiterere.

I. Ibisubizo by'igishushanyo mbonera cy'insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi

1. Igishushanyo cy'imigozi ibiri
   Igishushanyo mbonera cy'insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi ku binyabiziga bishya gikoresha sisitemu ifite inzira ebyiri. Kubera ko ingufu zisohoka za bateri y'ingufu ari nyinshi kandi zirenze ingufu zitekanye ku bantu, umubiri w'ikinyabiziga ntushobora kuba ahantu ho guhagarara insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi. Muri sisitemu ifite ingufu nyinshi, uruziga rufite ingufu nyinshi rwa DC rugomba kubahiriza imiterere y'inzira ebyiri. Insinga zisanzwe zifite ingufu nyinshi zirimo insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zitwara imodoka, insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zitwara bateri y'ingufu, insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zitwara amashanyarazi, insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zitwara amashanyarazi, insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zitwara amashanyarazi zikoresha icyuma gikonjesha, n'insinga zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha pompe.
2. Guhitamo no Gushushanya Ibihuza bya Voltage nyinshi
   Ibikoresho bihuza amashanyarazi menshi bifasha mu guhuza no kohereza amashanyarazi afite ingufu nyinshi n’amashanyarazi menshi kandi ni ibintu by’ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano w’abantu mu modoka. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo guhitamo ibikoresho bihuza amashanyarazi menshi, ibintu nk’ubudahangarwa bw’amashanyarazi menshi, urwego rw’uburinzi, guhuza imiyoboro, n’ubushobozi bwo kurinda bigomba gusuzumwa neza. Muri iki gihe, abatanga serivisi bakomeye kandi bizewe ni bo bakoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhitamo ibikoresho bihuza amashanyarazi menshi, nka AVIC Optoelectronics, TE Connectivity, Yonggui, Amphenol, na Ruike Da. 

   

3. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'uburinzi ku nsinga zifite ingufu nyinshi
   Imigozi y'insinga ifite ingufu nyinshi itera amashanyarazi ahindagurika cyane iyo yohereza amashanyarazi afite ingufu nyinshi. Kubwibyo, insinga zifite uburinzi buhambiriye zirakoreshwa. Mu guhitamo imiyoboro, imiterere ifite ubushobozi bwo kurinda niyo ikwiye kugira ngo ishyireho umuyoboro ufunganye n'urwego rwo kurinda rw'insinga ifite ingufu nyinshi, bigakuraho amashanyarazi ahindagurika aterwa n'insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi.

Ishusho y'insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi

II. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'insinga zikoresha ingufu nyinshi

1. Amahame yo Gushyiraho Insinga Zikoresha Ingufu Zikomeye
   a) Ihame ryo kuba hafi: Mu gushyiraho imigozi y'insinga ifite ingufu nyinshi ku binyabiziga bishya, intego ni ukugabanya uburebure bw'inzira z'insinga. Ubu buryo bwirinda kugabanuka gukabije k'amashanyarazi bitewe n'inzira ndende kandi bujyanye n'amahame y'imiterere yo kugabanya ikiguzi no kugabanya ibiro.
   b) Ihame ry'umutekano: Uretse kuba hafi y'aho ibintu biri, imiterere y'insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi igomba no kuzirikana amahame nko guhisha, kubahiriza amategeko agenga umutekano n'impanuka, no koroshya kubungabunga. Ingamba zinoze zo kurinda insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi nazo zirakenewe. Imiterere idahwitse y'insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi ishobora gutera amazi aturuka ku mashanyarazi, inkongi z'umuriro, ndetse n'ibyago ku babikora.
2. Ubwoko bw'Imiterere y'Insinga z'Umuvuduko Ukomeye
   Muri iki gihe, hakoreshwa ubwoko bubiri busanzwe bw'imitako y'insinga ifite ingufu nyinshi: imiterere y'ibice n'imiterere ijyanye n'ibice. Ubwo bwoko bwombi bugamije gutandukanya imitako y'insinga ifite ingufu nyinshi n'iy'amashanyarazi make kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka mbi z'amashanyarazi kuva ku miyoboro ifite ingufu nyinshi kugera ku miyoboro ifite ingufu nke.
   a) Igishushanyo mbonera cy’imiterere y’ibikoresho: Nk’uko izina ribigaragaza, ibikoresho by’insinga bifite voltage nyinshi n’ibifite voltage nke bitandukanyijwe n’intera runaka mu miterere y’ibikoresho, bikarinda ko sisitemu y’amashanyarazi ibangamira ingufu nyinshi bigira ingaruka ku itangwa ry’amashanyarazi n’ihererekanyamakuru ry’igikoresho cyo kugenzura gifite voltage nke. Ishusho iri hepfo igaragaza imiterere y’imiterere y’ibikoresho by’insinga bifite voltage nyinshi n’ibifite voltage nke.

b) Igishushanyo mbonera cy’imiterere ijyanye n’igihe: Mu miterere ijyanye n’igihe, imigozi y’insinga ifite inzira imwe ariko ifatanye n’umugozi w’ikinyabiziga cyangwa umubiri wayo mu buryo buhuye. Mu gukoresha imiterere ijyanye n’igihe, imigozi y’insinga ifite voltage nyinshi n’ifite voltage nkeya iguma ukwayo idahuye. Ishusho iri hepfo igaragaza urugero rw’igishushanyo mbonera cy’imiterere ijyanye n’igihe, aho umugozi ufite voltage nyinshi ku mugozi w’ibumoso n’umugozi ufite voltage nkeya ku mugozi w’iburyo.

Bitewe n'itandukaniro mu miterere y'ibinyabiziga, imiterere y'ibice by'amashanyarazi, n'aho bigarukira, uruvange rw'ubu bwoko bubiri bw'imiterere rukunze gukoreshwa mu gushushanya imiyoboro mishya y'insinga z'ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu kugira ngo bigabanye cyangwa birinde imbogamizi hagati y'itumanaho rifite ingufu nyinshi n'iry'amashanyarazi make.

Chengdu Yiwei New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd ni ikigo gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse cyibanda kuiterambere rya chassis y'amashanyarazi, ishami rishinzwe kugenzura imodoka, amashanyarazimoteri, igenzura rya moteri, paki ya bateri, n'ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru ry'ikoranabuhanga rya EV.

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