Ubwihindurize bwamakamyo yimyanda yisuku: Kuva mubikoko bikururwa kugeza amashanyarazi yuzuye-1

Amakamyo yimyanda ni imodoka yingenzi yisuku yo gutwara imyanda igezweho. Kuva mumagare yambere akururwa ninyamanswa kugeza mumashanyarazi yuzuye, ubwenge, hamwe namakuru atwara amakamyo yimyanda, niyihe nzira yiterambere?

Inkomoko yamakamyo yimyanda yatangiriye i Burayi muri 1920 na 1930. Amakamyo ya mbere yimyanda yari agizwe nigare rikururwa nifarashi hamwe nagasanduku, bishingiye gusa kububasha bwabantu ninyamaswa.

Mu myaka ya za 1920 Uburayi, hamwe n’imodoka zimaze kwamamara, amakamyo gakondo y’imyanda yasimbuwe buhoro buhoro n’amakamyo y’imyanda yateye imbere. Icyakora, igishushanyo mbonera cyatumaga impumuro mbi iva mu myanda ikwirakwira mu bidukikije, bikananirwa kurwanya umukungugu, kandi bikurura udukoko nk'imbeba n'imibu.

Hamwe no kurushaho kumenyekanisha ibidukikije no gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, Uburayi bwabonye izamuka ry’amakamyo atwikiriye imyanda, yagaragazaga ibikoresho bitwara amazi hamwe n’uburyo bwo guterura. Nubwo hari ibyo byateye imbere, gupakira imyanda byari bikiri byinshi cyane, bisaba abantu kuzamura amabati kugeza murwego rwo hejuru.

Nyuma, Abadage bahimbye igitekerezo gishya cy'amakamyo azunguruka. Amakamyo yarimo ibikoresho bizenguruka bisa na sima ivanga. Ubu buryo bwatumaga ibintu binini, nka tereviziyo cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu nzu, bijanjagurwa kandi bigashyirwa imbere y’ikintu.

Nyuma yibi byari ikamyo yimyanda yinyuma yahimbwe mu 1938, ihuza ibyiza byamakamyo yo mu bwoko bwa funnel yo hanze yimyanda hamwe na silindiri ya hydraulic kugirango itware imyanda. Igishushanyo cyongereye cyane ubushobozi bwo guhuza ikamyo, byongera ubushobozi.

Muri kiriya gihe, ikindi gishushanyo kizwi cyane ni ikamyo yapakurura imyanda. Yagaragazaga ishami rirerire rishinzwe gukusanya imyanda, aho imyanda yajugunywe mu mwobo ku ruhande rwa kontineri. Amashanyarazi ya hydraulic cyangwa plaque compression noneho yasunitse imyanda yerekeza inyuma yikintu. Nyamara, ubu bwoko bwikamyo ntabwo bwari bukwiye gukoreshwa mubintu binini.

Mu myaka ya za 1950 rwagati, Isosiyete ikora amakamyo ya Dumpster yahimbye ikamyo yapakiye imbere y’imyanda, ikaba yari iyambere mu bihe byayo. Yagaragazaga ukuboko gukanika gushobora kuzamura cyangwa kumanura kontineri, kugabanya cyane imirimo y'amaboko.