Isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe bwinshi ni igice cyingenzi cy’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ndetse n’igenzura ry’ubuziranenge bw’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Uko ikirere gishyushye cyane kigenda gihinduka kenshi, ubwizerwe n’ubudahangarwa bw’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere myiza ya serivisi z’isuku mu mijyi no kunoza ibidukikije. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, Yiwei Automobile yakoze isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe bwinshi i Turpan, Xinjiang, muri iki gihe cy’impeshyi kugira ngo igenzure neza ubudahangarwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’imodoka zabo, harimo gusharija ubushyuhe bwinshi, gukonjesha umwuka ushyushye, ubushyuhe buri munsi y’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse n’imikorere y’ifatabuguzi.
Binyuze mu igeragezwa rikomeye, Yiwei Automobile yagaragaje imikorere myiza cyane, yihanganira ibihe bigoye. Ikigaragara ni uko uyu ari umwaka wa kabiri wikurikiranya Yiwei ikora ibizamini by’ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi i Turpan, ikaba ari yo sosiyete ya mbere yihariye mu gihugu ikora ibizamini by’ubushyuhe bwinshi ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, igeragezwa ry’uyu mwaka ryagaragaje ubwoko bwinshi bw’imodoka n’imishinga myinshi, irimo imashini zo gukaraba imihanda za 18t zikora ubwazo, amakamyo yo mu mazi ya 18t, amakamyo yo gukamura ivumbi ya 12t, amakamyo yo mu gikoni ya 10t, n’amakamyo yo gukamura imyanda ya 4.5t, byose hamwe bikaba byari mu byiciro umunani by’ingenzi n’ibizamini birenga 300, aho buri modoka yakoraga ibirometero birenga 10.000.
Muri iki gihe cy'impeshyi, ubushyuhe bwa Turpan bwakundaga kurenza dogere selisiyusi 40, ubushyuhe bwo ku butaka bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 70. Mu misozi izwi cyane ya Flaming, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwageze kuri dogere selisiyusi 81. Ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ahantu ho gutwara ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imikorere irusheho kuba myiza no kwagura imikorere. Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 43, Yiwei yagerageje imodoka eshanu zikoresha amashanyarazi, buri imwe irenga kilometero 10.000 mu gihe yigana imiterere y'ikirere gikonjesha n'imizigo yuzuye. Urugero, imashini yo gukaraba umuhanda ya 18t yagumanye umuvuduko wa kilometero 40 ku isaha mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'imizigo yuzuye, igera kuri kilometero 378. Byongeye kandi, Yiwei ishobora kongera igihe cyo gukora ikongera ubushobozi bwa batiri bitewe n'ibyo umukoresha akeneye.
Umutekano no gukoresha neza chargeur nabyo ni ibibazo by'ingenzi ku bakoresha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zisukura ahantu hashyushye cyane. Yiwei yemeje kenshi ko imodoka yaba ihagaze mu bushyuhe cyangwa imaze igihe kirekire itwaye, yashoboraga chargeur neza buri gihe. Urugero, ikamyo ya 4.5t ya compression yasabaga iminota 40 gusa kugira ngo ishyushye kuva kuri SOC ya 20% kugeza kuri 80%, n'iminota 60 kugira ngo ishyushye kuva kuri 20% kugeza 100%.
Sisitemu ya Yiwei yo gucunga ubushyuhe yakoranye ubuhanga budasanzwe mu igeragezwa ry’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ikomeza gukora neza kandi igenzura ko paki ya bateri na sisitemu yo gusharija biguma mu rugero rwiza rw’ubushyuhe. Ibi ntibyatumye umuvuduko wo gusharija wongera gusa, ahubwo byanarinze bateri neza, bikongera igihe cyo kubaho kwayo.
Kugira ngo hasuzumwe neza ubushobozi bwa Yiwei bwo gukonjesha mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imodoka eshanu zashyizwe ku zuba ryinshi mu gihe cy'amasaha ane mbere yo gusuzuma aho ikirere cyazo gikonjesha, aho umwuka unyura, n'uko ikirere gikonjesha. Imodoka zose zakoze neza kandi zashoboye gukonjesha vuba. Urugero, ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'ikamyo y'amazi ya 18t bwazamutse bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 60 nyuma yo gukonjesha, ariko nyuma yo gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha mu gihe cy'iminota 10, ubushyuhe bwaragabanutse bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 25.
Uretse icyuma gikonjesha, gufunga imodoka byazitiye ubushyuhe n'urusaku byo hanze. Ibipimo byagaragaje ko nubwo hari umwuka mwinshi ukonjesha, urusaku rwo mu nzu rwagumaga kuri desibeli 60, bigatuma habaho ahantu hakonje kandi heza ho gutwara. Mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byo mu muhanda, urusaku rwagumaga kuri desibeli 65, munsi cyane y'urugero rw'igihugu rwa desibeli 84, rutuma ibikorwa by'isuku nijoro bidahungabanya abaturage.
Umutekano ni agaciro k'ingenzi Yiwei ihora igenderaho. Muri iki kizamini cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imodoka zakoze isuzuma ry'ibinyabiziga mu burebure bwa kilometero zirenga 10.000, zipima imikorere yazo, ndetse n'ibizamini byo gufunga feri (ubusa/umutwaro) ndetse n'ibizamini by'imikorere yazo. Mu gihe cyose cy'ibizamini, imikorere y'isuku ya Yiwei, amapine, uburyo bwo gufunga feri, na sisitemu zo gufunga feri zakomeje kugira umutekano mwinshi, nta n'igabanuka ry'imikorere ryagaragaye.
Mu igeragezwa ryo gufunga feri, icyiciro cya 18t cyari gifite umutwaro wuzuye cyageragejwe ku muvuduko wa kilometero 60 ku isaha, kigera ku ntera ya metero 26.88 (mu masegonda 3) ku ikamyo itwara amazi na metero 23.98 (mu masegonda 2.8) ku ikamyo itwara abagenzi mu muhanda, bigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gufunga feri vuba kandi bugufi, ari ingenzi cyane mu mutekano mu mihanda igoye yo mu mijyi.
Isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe bwinshi ni bumwe mu buryo bw’ingenzi bwo guteza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Ibi bizamini bitera udushya no kuvugurura ibicuruzwa, kandi ibyavuye muri ibyo bizatanga ibisobanuro by’ingenzi mu gushyiraho amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Nk’ikigo cya mbere cy’imodoka cyihariye mu gihugu cyakoze “ibizamini bitatu bikomeye” ku modoka zikoresha ingufu zikoreshwa mu isuku, Yiwei yiyemeje guha abakiriya ibicuruzwa bihamye kandi byizewe gusa, ahubwo no guteza imbere inganda zose mu rwego rwo kurushaho kugira umutekano, imikorere myiza, n’ubwenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Nzeri 2024
